Vinaya — Regras dos Monges (Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga) — Traveling with thieves

1Origin story
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, a certain group of travelers was about to go south from Rājagaha. A monk said to those people, “Let me travel with you.”

2“But we’re smuggling goods.”

3“That’s your business.”

4The customs officers heard about that group of travelers. They then blocked the road, caught the group, confiscated the goods, and asked that monk, “Venerable, why are you knowingly traveling with a group of thieves?” And they detained him.

5After being released, that monk went to Sāvatthī, where he told the monks what had happened. The monks of few desires complained and criticized him, “How could a monk knowingly travel by arrangement with a group of thieves?” … “Is it true, monk, that you did this?”

6“It’s true, sir.”

7The Buddha rebuked him … “Foolish man, how could you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

8Final ruling
‘If a monk knowingly travels by arrangement with a group of thieves, even just to the next inhabited area, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

9Definitions
A:

10whoever …

11Monk:

12… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

13Knowingly:

14he knows by himself or others have told him or the group of travelers has told him.

15A group of thieves:

16thieves who have done their deed or thieves who have not. They are stealing from the king or smuggling.

17With:

18together.

19By arrangement:

20if he makes an arrangement like this: the monk says, “Let’s go,” and they reply, “Yes, let’s go, venerable;” or they say, “Let’s go, venerable,” and the monk replies, “Yes, let’s go;” or the monk says, “Let’s go today,” “Let’s go tomorrow,” or “Let’s go the day after tomorrow,” then he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

21Even just to the next inhabited area:

22when the inhabited areas are a chicken’s flight apart, then for every next inhabited area he commits an offense entailing confession. When it is an uninhabited area, a wilderness, then for every six kilometers he commits an offense entailing confession.

23Permutations
If it is a group of traveling thieves, and he perceives it as such, and he travels by arrangement with them, even just to the next inhabited area, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it is a group of traveling thieves, but he is unsure of it, and he travels by arrangement with them, even just to the next inhabited area, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is a group of traveling thieves, but he does not perceive it as such, and he travels by arrangement with them, even just to the next inhabited area, there is no offense.

24If the monk makes an arrangement, but the group does not express its agreement, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is not a group of traveling thieves, but he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is not a group of traveling thieves, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is not a group of traveling thieves, and he does not perceive it as such, there is no offense.

25Non-offenses
There is no offense: if he goes, but not by arrangement; if the group has made an arrangement, but he has not expressed his agreement; if he goes, but not according to the arrangement; if there is an emergency; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

26The training rule on traveling with thieves, the sixth, is finished.